Who's responsible for managing flood risk?

    Explainer + Check your flood risk

    Flood risk is a combination of the likelihood of flooding and the potential consequences of flooding.

    Areas at risk of flooding are those at risk of flooding from any source, now or in the future. Sources include rivers and the sea, direct rainfall on the ground surface, rising groundwater, overwhelmed sewers and drainage systems, reservoirs, canals and lakes and other artificial sources. Flood risk also accounts for the interactions between these different sources.

    A poster/diagram with a sky-blue background that has a silhouette image of a river flowing through countryside at the bottom. The poster has a clipart image for each source of flood risk and a description for each of who is responsible for managing that risk. It reads as follow: Who’s responsible for flood risk in Leicester? Property owner, Property owners are responsible for private drainage and surface water up to the boundary of their property.  Riparian ownership, You own a watercourse if it runs along, through or under your property. This includes both main rivers and ordinary watercourses. You are responsible for maintaining the natural flow of water and reporting any blockages or flooding. Main river and coastal flooding, The Environment Agency is responsible for managing the risk of flooding from main rivers and the coast. Main rivers are usually larger watercourses. Highway and road drainage, Leicester City Council are responsible for roads, footpaths, drains and gullies. Highways England is responsible for major roads and motorway drainage. Surface and Ground water, Leicester City Council in its role as the Lead Local Flood Authority (LLFA) is responsible for managing the risk of surface water flooding. This occurs when intense rainfall overwhelms drainage systems. It is also responsible for ground water flooding, which occurs when water rises back to the surface from underground. Both can happen many miles away from a river Public sewers and utility pipes, Severn Trent are responsible for managing the risk of flooding from public sewers and utility pipes. This includes shared pipes between properties before they join the public sewer.  Ordinary watercourses, Leicester City Council in its role as Lead Local Flood Authority (LLFA) is also responsible for managing flood risk from ordinary watercourses. These are smaller watercourses such as some small rivers, brooks, becks, streams, dykes and ditches (anything not designated as main river).

    Poster detailing who is responsible for managing each of the different sources of flood risk.


    It should be noted, that while there are many authorities/organisations who have a responsibility for managing flood risk, they can only "manage" flood risk and not eliminate it. This is usually done by applying the limited amount of available funding to where it is most cost-beneficial to reduce flood risk.

    Ultimate responsibility for protecting yourself, your property, family and belongings, lies with you. However, we are striving to support you wherever possible.


    For a more detailed explanation:


    How to report a flood:


    To check if/what source of flooding you are at risk from:



    The Environment Agency's role in managing flood risk

    The Flood and Water Management Act 2010 places a statutory duty on the Environment Agency to develop a National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy for England. This strategy describes what needs to be done by the Risk Management Authorities (RMAs) in respect to all sources of flooding and coastal erosion for the benefit of people, places and the environment. These RMAs include:

    • The Environment Agency
    • Lead Local Flood Authorities (LLFAs)
    • District Councils
    • Internal Drainage Boards
    • Highways Authorities
    • Water and Sewerage companies

    As a result of this strategy the Environment Agency itself has operational responsibility for managing the risk of flooding from main rivers, reservoirs, estuaries and the sea, as well as being a coastal erosion risk management authority. It is through this role that we have our most direct impact in Leicester - by managing Flood Risk from main rivers. (To see who the other Risk Management Authorities are and what they are responsible for, see the poster at the top of this page.)

    In this capacity, the Environment Agency has permissive powers to maintain and improve main rivers for the efficient passage of flood flows. As these powers are permissive only, the Environment Agency is not obliged to carry out either maintenance or new works on main rivers. Funding is allocated to work where it provides the greatest benefit to flood risk to better protect people, property, and wildlife.

    The Environment Agency also has powers to construct and maintain defences against flooding, to issue flood warnings, and to manage water levels. In some cases the Environment Agency may choose to stop maintaining and operating the assets on main rivers. This happens either because the costs are greater than the benefits of reducing flood risk, or there is another party better placed to take on these responsibilities.




    Section 19 Flood Investigation Report - Leicester City Council

    When certain criteria are met following a significant flood event, the Lead Local Flood Authority (Leicester City Council) will investigate:

    a) which risk management authorities have relevant flood risk management functions, and

    b) whether each of those risk management authorities has exercised, or is proposing to exercise, those functions in response to the flood


    The LLFA must then publish the result of its findings in a detailed report, known as a 'Section 19 Flood Investigation Report'.

    We have linked the report published for the 6th January 2025, here, and on the home page - Section 19 Flood Investigation Report for the 6th January 2025 flood event.


    It is a large report full of information that might be of interest. But we have extracted some bits that are more relevant to you and the Environment Agency, into the below table.

    Chapter/Section of the report

    Relevant parts

    Where on this page you can find support or more info about it

    13. Recommendations


    Property owners to investigate the flood risk posed to their property, and undertake the following actions:

    • Sign up to Environment Agency’s Flood Warnings service and Met Office Weather warnings.

    • Prepare a flood plan for their property.

    • Explore options for installation of appropriate flood resilience measures.

    • Ensure that they have an adequate level of insurance, to cover flooding.


    14. Proposed actions (by Risk Management Authorities)

    • Complete desilting works on the Melton Brook.
    • Property owners unaware of their responsibilities as a riparian landowner.


    All this supporting information and more can be found on the main page through the links down the right hand side and the interactive tools at the bottom.